From childhood to adulthood, everyone should have the following experience: follow friends or family members, take a car to the countryside, mountains or seaside in the middle of the night, find a place without open space, raise your head and wait for the shooting star, when you see a beam of light flashing past, you will Excitedly showing off with friends around "I saw it! I saw it!".
I heard from the media that today is the Leonid meteor shower, Aquariid meteor shower, and Perseid meteor shower, but why do I seldom hear of the Taurid meteor shower and Virgo meteor shower?
What is a period, only to see shooting stars! ?
These are questions that plague us, and recently because of this news, people want to know the answer.
"This meteor group is expected to occur between 21:00 and 23:30 Taiwan time on August 12 this year, ZHRs150. For Taiwan, the radiant point rises from the north-north east after 21:00 p.m. , but at this time of the moon, the southwestern sky is affected by the moonlight. The observation conditions during the forecast period mainly affect starry sky photography. In terms of visual observation, meteors cannot be seen; the moon will go west around midnight (23:50) No, although the prediction period has passed, the Perseid meteor shower period will often show a number of times before and after the period, so after 23:00 on the evening of the 12th and before dawn on the 13th, Taiwan observes this meteor shower.”
It's over, why are there so many proper nouns in this paragraph! What is period? What is ZHR? What is a radiant point?
The brightness of meteors in the Perseid meteor shower is above second-magnitude, which is similar to that of the Big Dipper, and there will be colorful fireballs, which are as bright as Venus. Due to the abundance of meteors, meteors can sometimes be seen even in light-polluted urban areas. In an ideal observation area, thousands of meteors may be seen throughout the night. In addition, the speed of the Perseid meteor shower belongs to the meteor group, and the meteor speed reaches 59 kilometers per second, and it may pass halfway, forming meteor trails.
We can see the meteor shower since 2009, let's answer these questions!
Some matter in the outer space of meteors is affected by the gravity of the earth and approaches the earth, and the trajectory produced after being drawn into the atmosphere and burned, so meteors are divided into three types, one is a "shooting star" that falls into the earth's atmosphere and burns carefully, and the other is a bright "fire" "Meteor" and the last one we will discuss "Meteor Shower".
Imagine that you are in a hurry today with a bag of garbage to ask the garbage truck to take out the garbage, because you didn't notice that the garbage bag had a hole in it, and all the garbage fell out of the hole and spread out on the way to the garbage truck.
You big garbage bag comet, when you take the garbage out, there is a comet, when the comet is close to the sun, because of the high temperature of the sun, the comet will evaporate and disintegrate to produce many debris, and spread the garbage comet debris on the road, and then these debris are attracted by the gravity of the earth After being attracted, it falls into the atmosphere and burns up, and it becomes the meteor shower we see.
So why do these meteor showers have names, such as the Leonids and Perseids?
Going back to the example of taking out the garbage, you are heading towards the garbage truck on a route, and the garbage is scattered on your way. At this time, a person is going to the park and bumps into you spreading garbage along the way. He has so much garbage on this road, and this person Earth, she saw a lot of garbage like we saw a lot of meteors, on the way to the park, so it was named the park meteor shower.
Summer is the time for astronomy enthusiasts to observe the starry sky, and it is called the Perseid meteor shower, one of the three major meteor showers in the northern hemisphere. Today's constellation knowledge, you summarize the time when the Perseid meteor shower appeared in 2016.
The Perseid meteor shower is a meteor shower that occurs at the radiant point near the Perseid gamma star. The Perseid meteor shower is not only a large number, but also has never been absent from the summer starry sky. It appears every year. It is active and has observed meteor showers. It is a meteor shower for non-professional meteor observers. It is the first of the three major periodic meteor showers throughout the year. The Geminids and the Geminids are collectively known as the three major meteor showers in the northern hemisphere.
Historical records of the Perseid meteor shower appeared in Chinese historical records in 36 AD, and more than one hundred meteors were recorded. Thereafter, Japan and South Korea have detailed records in the 81st century. In Western history, the Perseid meteor shower was called "St. Lawrence's Tears". This is because there are always a large number of meteors in the Perseids on August 10 every year on Saint's Day.
In 1835, the astronomical community confirmed the periodic occurrence date of the Perseid meteor shower every year, appearing around July 20 and August 20 every year, and reaching its climax on August 13.
During the Perseid meteor shower, 3060 meteors can appear in one hour, which is an active period of the year. Because it is summer and the temperature at night is called one of the observed meteor showers.
Under the pressure of Zeus, Pluto obeyed the order to release Virgo, but the design made her unable to live on earth and was destined to return to hell.
It is the meteor shower near the radiant point of the Perseid gamma star, which is called the Perseid gamma meteor shower. It appears around July 20 and August 20 every year, and reaches its climax on August 13. The Quadrantids and the Geminids are collectively known as the three major meteor showers in the northern hemisphere.
It not only has a large number, but also has never been absent from the summer starry sky. It appears every year. It is an active and observed meteor shower. It is a meteor shower for non-professional meteor observers. It is the first of the three major periodic meteor showers throughout the year.
The Perseid meteor shower is caused by comets. Comets are spheres composed of ice and sandstones. When the comet approaches the sun, the comet will sublimate the surface materials due to the heat of the sun. These sublimated materials will become meteoroids in the future. The comet is orbiting the sun. Parts of the meteoroid will be separated from the comet, leaving the orbit of the comet. Due to the solar light pressure and the force of the planet, the meteoroid will spread and move away, and the range will increase. When the orbits of the earth and comets intersect, the meteoroid will break into the earth's atmosphere and burn under the influence of the earth's gravity, and the flames produced during the combustion will be bright, and people will see the meteor shower. If there are many meteoroids in the orbit of scattered comets, often within a few years after the return of the comet, you can see the meteor shower caused by the meteoroids produced by the comet.
30-60 meteors can appear in an hour, which is the active period of the year. For several days before and after the climax, there were more than 10 per hour. Due to the summer vacation, the temperature at night is called one of the observation meteor showers.
The brightness of meteors is above second-magnitude, which is similar to that of the Big Dipper, and there will be colorful fireballs, whose brightness is close to that of Venus. Due to the abundance of meteors, meteors can sometimes be seen even in light-polluted urban areas. Ideal viewing area, thousands of meteors may be seen throughout the night.
The speed of the Perseid meteor shower belongs to the meteor group, and the speed of the meteors is as high as 59 km/s, and 45% of them have wakes. And it may pass halfway, forming meteor trails.
August 12, 2016, Perseid meteor shower
According to IMO forecast, the 2016 Perseid meteor shower will reach its maximum value from 21:00 on August 12 to 1:30 on August 13, Beijing time. It is famous for the flow of Persian rain and numerous bolides. Due to the influence of Jupiter's gravity, the peak flow rate of the Perseid Rain in 2016 can reach 150 per hour, which is even higher than in previous years. In 2016, the Persian Rain was disturbed by the moonlight of the 10th gibbous moon in the lunar calendar. The position of the moon is southerly, and the moon will go down the mountain after midnight. The second half of the night is the best time to enjoy the Persian Rain.
Wugong Mountain is a mountain in Jiangxi. Historically, Hengshan and Lushan were called the three famous mountains in the south of the Yangtze River, and they were named "Hengshou Luwei Wugong Center". It is the last virgin mountain in the south of the Yangtze River under development. It is well-known in history and rich in culture. It is described in Xu Xiake's "Travel to Wugong Mountain". It has natural landscape and original ecological environment, which is unique. charm. Its landscape is peculiar, the main landform is granite, and the plateau meadow is distributed along the altitude in a ladder shape. There are many waterfalls, clouds and fog, and the foggy day exceeds Mount Lu, making it an ideal resort for watching the sea of clouds; although the altitude is higher than Mount Lu and Huangshan, but the wind speed is known as the national "natural botanical garden", vertical vegetation landscape, alpine meadows, and Mount Huangshan pine communities in the south of the Yangtze River. There are ancient Taoist relics and humanistic connotations on the mountain.
What we know about Wugong Mountain is the continuous and intoxicating beauty of the alpine grassland, accompanied by the dreamy sea of clouds and starry sky, sunrise and sunset, so you can only experience it when you climb up to experience it, stand, see, and feel it! Bring a backpack, or take him/her, and go up to Wugong Mountain with us.
If Jiangxi Mountain is Sanqing Mountain, then the suitable mountain must be Wugong Mountain. Wugong Mountain is 1918 meters above sea level. From the foot of the mountain to the desperate slope, thousands of acres of alpine meadows are densely covered, just like a green field. The mountain roads along the way are ups and downs, and without any "martial arts" and "endurance", it is impossible to complete the journey. The excitement and desperation of the entire mountaineering process are intertwined with charm.
Further reading…
Why is the Perseid meteor shower called the Perseid meteor shower?
1. Full air-conditioned tourist bus fare, driver miscellaneous fees
4. One night accommodation on the top of the mountain (one bed for two people, one room for four people, accommodation conditions on the mountain, everyone please understand)
2. The whole meal fee can be settled or shared by AA, per person.
[Registration Notes] 12:00, August 9th (If you request to withdraw after the deadline for confirming the applicants and there is no candidate, you will bear the cost)
[Seating Arrangement] Seats on the car will be arranged in the order of payment, and adjustments will be made.
Day 1: Depart on time at 19:15 on June 16, and spend the night in the car. You can bring U-shaped pillows and blankets on the car. , The beautiful scenery of Wugong Mountain looked at us the next day, everything was worth it. From 2:00 to 5:00 in the morning, buses cannot go up and down, so our service area rests during this time period, and you can bring your own tent to rest in the service area for a few hours.
The next day, on the 17th, I started to go up the mountain around 08:00, walked and took pictures all the way, arrived at the inn around 12 o'clock, took group photos, arranged accommodation, rested and had lunch. In the afternoon, go to the alpine meadow to play, you can go up to the Golden Summit, or cross other routes in the scenic spot. In the evening, sit on the Golden Summit of Wugong Mountain at an altitude of 1918 meters to watch the sunset. In the evening, FB, counting stars, blowing water, chatting, activities. There is a place to stay on the mountain, but there is a place to take a bath, and the fee is about 15 yuan per person.
Virgo, I believe everyone has heard enough black material, cleanliness, obsessive-compulsive disorder, activist, five-nut moon cake… It seems that Virgo has become a synonym for "this person".
Today, Xiaoye’s astronomical point of view is against Virgo. By the way, I will tell you about the origin of the twelve constellations and how they are related to our destiny.
Virgo is called Virgo in astronomy. In ancient Greek mythology, Virgo symbolizes Pluto abducting the god of spring, Persephone.
After Pluto abducted Virgo, Virgo's mother, Saturn, stayed behind closed doors because of the loss of her beloved daughter. If the earth mother is in the human world, the land will not produce clusters of wheat ears, and human beings will starve to death.
Under the pressure of Zeus, Pluto obeyed the order to release Virgo, but the design made her unable to live on earth and was destined to return to hell.
Further reading…
A meteor shower reveals the deepest hidden quirks of the 12 constellations
Zeus had no choice but to say: "In a year, you can only be with Virgo for a quarter of the time." From then on, as long as the earth is covered with frost and no grass grows, people will know that this is Virgo who has gone to the underworld, and Virgo has her own mother and shuts herself at home.
Starry sky, the best time for Virgo coincides with the growth of all things and the sowing of spring. In autumn and winter, the sun in Virgo rises and sets, which means that she cannot be seen at night, so the earth enters a lifeless appearance, so it seems that the ancients imagined or observed.
Legends are legends after all. From an astronomical point of view, Virgo is a constellation of the zodiac. Every spring when the sun sets, it appears on the eastern horizon, and it emits light in the night sky in spring and summer.
Virgo A star (star) is named "Spia" in ancient Chinese astronomy. It is a bluish-white bright star and the fifteenth brightest star in the whole sky.
We continue to return to the topic of Virgo, so why are Virgos born at the end of August and at the end of September? Here we want to start with the concept of constellations.
Our earth universe is just a luminous planet, the earth looks at the universe, satellites and planets, each star point is a star and a group of stars. Observation, western astronomers divide them into 88 constellations.
Therefore, constellations exist side by side, just like national boundaries, we divide the "national boundaries in the sky" by artificially defining observations. For easy understanding, we assume the concept of the celestial sphere, on which the bright light of these stars is projected.
A 3-dimensional setting becomes a 2-dimensional setting. Some stars look very different on the plane. What we see is what they looked like hundreds of millions of years ago. Maybe this star exists now.
For example, if an earthquake breaks out in a certain country, it is almost the same as when we observe a meteor shower and say that there is a meteor passing near Ursa Major. When it comes to countries and constellations, everyone knows the location, isn’t it very witty~
There are 88 constellations in the sky, so why do constellation books say there are only twelve? Are they bright? ? turn up?
Some of the twelve constellations consist of only a few bright stars, such as Aries. There are some without bright stars, look for them.
Then why are the twelve constellations, oh, now the thirteen constellations?
The twelve constellations are called the twelve constellations of the zodiac. The ecliptic refers to the reference object of the earth and the orbit of the sun. To put it more simply, we see the orbit of the sun rising in the east and setting in the west every day.
Zodiac through constellations background Zodiacal constellations. Because of the earth's rotation deviation (nutation and precession), the twelve constellations of the zodiac are now the thirteen constellations of the zodiac, and the corresponding dates have changed.
In the constellation fortune-telling system, the zodiac is equally divided into twelve houses, and as we can see in the chart below, the twelve constellations are of different sizes, so the uniform movement of the sun determines the time of each constellation.
And because of nutation and precession (imagine the earth as a spinning top), when the astrology theory was formulated 2,000 years ago, the background of the starry sky caused by the movement of the sun is the same as it is now.